Liqing Chen¹ , Lingfei Jin²

1 Tropical Marine Fisheries Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China
2 Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Marine Science, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 4   
Received: 08 Jun., 2025    Accepted: 12 Jul., 2025    Published: 27 Jul., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The genus Scomberomorus spp. is an important middle- and upper-level economic fish with significant economic and ecological value. However, high-intensity development of global fisheries puts mackerel populations at risk of decreased genetic diversity and changes in population structure. This study reviews the progress of global gene flow and population structure in the genus Mackerel fish, and focuses on the role of multigenomic data in it. We also deeply explored the influence mechanisms of environmental factors such as ocean currents, seawater temperature salts, and overfishing on gene exchange and population structure of mackerel. Studies have shown that there is a certain degree of genetic differentiation between different geographical populations of mackerels, and it also maintains genetic communication through migration and currents; among which ocean currents can play a dual role in connecting populations and isolating populations. This study finally proposes that the genetic research on mackerel population still has shortcomings such as regional coverage imbalance and single marker types. In the future, research should be strengthened in combination with multigenomic data and ecological monitoring to support the sustainable management of marine fishery resources and the effective protection of mackerel species.

Mackerel; Gene flow; Population structure; Genetic diversity; Multigenomic data; Fishery management